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69fd968b3fbc631309a88aa7 VO2max Testing https://www.afton.in/s/55b31c5573bc5c994472673c/69fd8609bbc17be8f006e040/mask-light-1.jpg

The Gold Standard in VO2max & Metabolic Testing — Now in India

The VO2 Master Analyzer delivers laboratory-grade VO2max, RMR, and
cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) completely untethered from the lab.
Trusted by Duke University, Sam Houston State, Western University, and 20+
research institutions worldwide — now available in India exclusively through
Afton Fitness Company.

    ±2% Accuracy          20+ Published Studies
    10 Years in Market    100% Wireless & Mobile


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 1 — THE SCIENCE
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

WHAT IS VO2MAX AND WHY DOES IT MATTER?

VO2max — maximal oxygen uptake — is the single most powerful objective measure
of cardiorespiratory fitness and aerobic capacity. First identified by A.V. Hill
and colleagues in 1923, it describes the maximum rate at which the body can
consume oxygen during intense, full-body exercise.

Clinically, VO2max is a stronger predictor of all-cause mortality than smoking,
hypertension, or diabetes. In elite sport, it determines the ceiling of aerobic
energy production. In rehabilitation and chronic disease management, it
quantifies functional capacity and guides exercise prescription with a precision
that no wearable tracker or estimation equation can match.

Accurate VO2max measurement requires measuring oxygen consumed (VO₂) and carbon
dioxide produced (VCO₂) breath-by-breath during exercise. Until now, this
required expensive, immobile metabolic carts costing ₹20–50 lakhs and confined
testing to the laboratory. The VO2 Master Analyzer changes this fundamentally.


  VO2MAX — MAXIMAL AEROBIC CAPACITY
  The maximum volume of oxygen the body can extract and utilise per minute per
  kilogram of body weight, expressed in mL/kg/min. Assessed during a graded
  exercise test (GXT) to volitional exhaustion. Reflects cardiac output,
  pulmonary diffusion capacity, and muscle mitochondrial density. VO2max declines
  approximately 1% per year after age 25 without systematic training — making it
  a primary biomarker for both athletic development and healthy ageing.

  RMR — RESTING METABOLIC RATE
  The energy expended at complete rest, measured by indirect calorimetry.
  Accounts for 60–75% of total daily energy expenditure. Critical for nutrition
  periodisation, obesity management, thyroid dysfunction diagnosis, and
  post-surgical recovery. Standard prediction equations (Harris-Benedict,
  Mifflin-St Jeor) carry ±15–20% error. Direct RMR measurement eliminates this
  uncertainty — enabling precisely calibrated caloric prescriptions for weight
  management, eating disorder recovery, and performance nutrition.

  VT1 & VT2 — VENTILATORY THRESHOLDS
  The metabolic inflection points that define physiological training zones. VT1
  (aerobic threshold) marks the intensity at which lactate begins accumulating
  faster than it is cleared. VT2 (anaerobic threshold) marks the upper boundary
  of sustainable high-intensity exercise. Identified through respiratory exchange
  ratio (RER) and ventilatory equivalent analysis — a precision that heart-rate
  monitoring cannot provide.

  CPET — CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING
  The gold-standard, multi-system evaluation of exercise tolerance. Required
  before major cardiac surgery, in pulmonary disease management, heart failure
  risk stratification, and elite athletic performance profiling. CPET
  simultaneously delivers breath-by-breath gas exchange, ventilatory data, and
  metabolic metrics — providing an integrated picture of cardiovascular,
  pulmonary, and muscular function under physiological stress.

  The Fick Equation
  VO₂max = Q × (CaO₂ − CvO₂)
  Q = cardiac output  ·  CaO₂ = arterial O₂ content  ·  CvO₂ = venous O₂ content


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 2 — THREE TEST MODES
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

THREE TEST MODES. ONE DEVICE.

The VO2 Master integrates three clinically distinct measurement protocols in a
single wearable unit — eliminating the need for separate specialised equipment.


  01  VO2MAX TESTING

  Graded exercise test (GXT) to maximal exertion. The VO2 Master analyses each
  breath in real time, computing O₂ and CO₂ concentrations alongside flow volume
  to determine maximal aerobic capacity and ventilatory thresholds.

  Metrics:  VO₂max · VCO₂ · VE · RER · VT1 · VT2 · VE/VO₂ · VE/VCO₂ ·
            EqO₂ · EqCO₂ · Training Zones


  02  RMR — RESTING METABOLIC RATE

  Indirect calorimetry at complete rest. The subject breathes normally through
  the mask while at rest for 15–20 minutes. The device measures VO₂ and VCO₂ to
  compute resting energy expenditure, substrate oxidation ratios, and resting RER.

  Metrics:  RMR (kcal/day) · Fat oxidation % · Carbohydrate oxidation % ·
            Protein oxidation estimate · Resting RER · Substrate utilisation


  03  CPET — CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING

  Comprehensive breath-by-breath gas exchange and ventilatory analysis throughout
  an incremental or ramp exercise protocol. The most complete non-invasive
  evaluation of integrative cardiorespiratory function available in clinical
  medicine. The VE/VCO₂ slope — a key CPET output — is an independent predictor
  of adverse cardiovascular events and post-operative mortality.

  Metrics:  Peak VO₂ · VE/VCO₂ slope · O₂ pulse · Anaerobic threshold (AT) ·
            OUES · Breathing reserve · Respiratory compensation point ·
            Exercise oscillatory ventilation · VE/VCO₂ at AT


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 3 — WHO IS IT FOR
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

ONE DEVICE. EVERY PROFESSIONAL SETTING.


  HIGH PERFORMANCE SPORT

  Quantify aerobic capacity, training zones, and energy system contributions for
  elite and sub-elite athletes — on the track, field, velodrome, pool deck, or in
  the lab. Test in the environment where athletes actually train, eliminating the
  laboratory artefact that distorts results when athletes are displaced.

  Applications
  · National sports academies — SAI training centres and NSNIS Patiala
  · IPL franchise and ISL club performance science departments
  · Olympic and Paralympic athlete physiology profiling
  · Altitude training camps — Bangalore, Manali, Leh, Dharamsala
  · Swimming, rowing, cycling, athletics, boxing, wrestling, football, cricket
  · Training zone demarcation using VT1/VT2 — far more accurate than HR zones
  · Real-time field VO2 measurement during sport-specific activity
  · Pre-season baseline profiling and in-season cardiorespiratory monitoring


  HOSPITALS & CARDIAC REHABILITATION

  Clinical-grade CPET for pre-surgical risk assessment, cardiac rehabilitation
  monitoring, heart failure classification, and exercise prescription in chronic
  disease. Perform CPET at ward level — without a purpose-built metabolic lab.

  Applications
  · Pre-operative cardiopulmonary risk stratification before major surgery
  · Heart failure functional capacity classification (Weber scale — Peak VO₂)
  · COPD and pulmonary hypertension exercise tolerance assessment
  · Post-cardiac event and post-bypass surgery rehabilitation monitoring
  · Exercise prescription in Type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity
  · Long COVID aerobic capacity assessment and pacing protocol development
  · Pulmonary rehabilitation programme outcome measurement
  · ICU-to-ward step-down functional capacity benchmarking
  · VE/VCO₂ slope measurement for pre-surgical cardiac mortality risk


  UNIVERSITIES & ACADEMIC RESEARCH

  Publication-ready gas exchange data validated against the COSMED Quark CPET —
  at a fraction of the cost, with full field mobility for multi-site studies.
  Cited in the Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, JACC:
  Advances, European Journal of Applied Physiology, and Science & Sports.

  Applications
  · Exercise physiology, kinesiology, and human movement science departments
  · Sports science and physiotherapy colleges (BPT, MPT, MSc programmes)
  · ICMR, DST, DBT, and UGC-funded metabolic and NCD research projects
  · Multi-site field studies across rural and urban populations
  · PhD and postdoctoral exercise physiology research
  · Military physiology and occupational health research — DRDO, AFMC
  · Longitudinal population studies on physical fitness and NCD risk


  FITNESS ASSESSMENT & WELLNESS

  Differentiate your facility with scientifically validated metabolic profiling —
  going far beyond wrist wearables, chest straps, and estimated VO2max values
  from step tests or submaximal cycling protocols.

  Applications
  · Premium gym chains offering science-backed assessment services
  · Corporate wellness programmes for large employers and IT companies
  · VO2max-as-a-service — subscription metabolic testing for urban populations
  · Weight management clinics requiring accurate RMR for caloric prescription
  · Longevity and preventive health centres
  · Pre-marathon and triathlon fitness profiling
  · Nutrition and dietetics clinics requiring clinical indirect calorimetry


  REHABILITATION CLINICS

  Objectively track cardiorespiratory recovery in musculoskeletal, neurological,
  and post-surgical rehabilitation. Quantify fitness at intake and discharge —
  providing measurable outcomes that justify treatment and demonstrate results.

  Applications
  · Post-ACL, knee replacement, and hip replacement rehabilitation
  · Stroke and acquired brain injury functional capacity assessment
  · Long COVID rehabilitation and return-to-function monitoring
  · Oncology rehabilitation — quantifying recovery in cancer survivors
  · Return-to-sport physiological clearance based on objective VO2 thresholds
  · Pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD, interstitial lung disease, post-TB


  MILITARY & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

  Field-deployable metabolic assessment for armed forces fitness research,
  industrial health monitoring, and high-demand occupation readiness. Validated
  in field environments by the Canadian Armed Forces.

  Applications
  · Indian Army, Navy, and Air Force physical fitness research
  · DRDO human performance, ergonomics, and exoskeleton research
  · Firefighter and police force physical readiness assessment
  · Mining and construction worker cardiovascular fitness monitoring
  · High-altitude and extreme environment physiological research
  · Occupational health surveillance for physically demanding work categories


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 4 — PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

BUILT FOR REAL-WORLD PRECISION


  CORE SPECIFICATIONS

  Measurement method         Breath-by-breath indirect calorimetry
  O₂ sensor type             Galvanic fuel cell — medical grade
  CO₂ derivation             Ventilometric computation
  Flow measurement           Turbine-based volume sensor
  VO₂ accuracy               ±2% vs. COSMED Quark CPET (Western University, 2025)
  Data transmission          Bluetooth 5.0, ANT+
  User interface             Free iOS & Android app — VO2 Master Manager
  Battery life               ~8 hours continuous testing
  Form factor                Fully wearable — worn on face during activity
  Transport                  Airline carry-on compliant (Nanuk hard shell case)
  O₂ sensor lifespan         ~12 months — field-replaceable by user
  Calibration required       3L syringe volume calibration only. No gases.
  Garmin integration         Connect IQ app available
  GSA listing                US Government procurement eligible
  Years in market            10+


  COMPATIBLE DEVICES & SENSORS

  Wahoo  ·  Garmin  ·  Polar  ·  MOXY (SmO₂)  ·  CORE (core temperature)
  Delsys (EMG)  ·  Train.Red (NIRS)  ·  ANT+ heart rate monitors
  Cycling power meters  ·  External GPS devices


  APP FEATURES — FREE, iOS & ANDROID

  · Pre-loaded standard protocols — VO2max ramp, RMR, CPET
  · Custom protocol builder — define stage durations and workload increments
  · Real-time display of all breath-by-breath metrics during testing
  · Automated PDF report generation — shareable immediately post-test
  · CSV data export for research databases and custom analysis
  · Cloud dashboard — patient and athlete history at cloud.vo2master.com
  · Remote access — data accessible from any device via cloud login
  · Multi-athlete database — store and compare longitudinal results


  HOW IT COMPARES TO A TRADITIONAL METABOLIC CART

  Traditional laboratory metabolic carts (COSMED Omnia, ParvoMedics TrueOne,
  Vyntus CPX) are large, room-bound systems requiring dedicated lab space,
  regular calibration using certified gas mixtures, and scheduled manufacturer
  service contracts. Capital cost in India: ₹20–50 lakhs. Annual running cost:
  ₹5–10 lakhs (gas, calibration, service).

  The VO2 Master delivers validated, comparable accuracy in a device worn on the
  face. No gas supplies. No dedicated room. No service contract. Setup in under
  10 minutes. Entire system in a carry-on case.


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 5 — RESEARCH & VALIDATION
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

VALIDATED BY THE WORLD'S LEADING RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS

The VO2 Master has been independently validated and used in 20+ peer-reviewed
studies across elite universities, clinical settings, and sports science
institutions. This is independent research — not manufacturer-funded data.


  ACCURACY BENCHMARK

  ±2% VO₂ measurement accuracy vs. COSMED Quark CPET
  Western University — Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 2025


  PUBLISHED RESEARCH

  2026  ·  Exos Human Performance Lab
  Field-Ready Physiology: Integrating Portable VO2 Master into Real-World
  Athlete Testing
  Deeper physiological insights achieved in real-world environments vs. lab-only.

  2025  ·  Universities of Cassino & Lazio / Wisconsin-La Crosse
  Impact of Multidimensional Physical Activity on Glycemic Control in Type 1
  Diabetes — Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
  VO2 Master enabled real-world metabolic monitoring in T1D management.

  2025  ·  University of León
  Neuromuscular, Cardiometabolic & Perceptual Responses to Sprint Interval
  Training with Different Cycling Torques — European Journal of Applied Physiology
  Torque-driven VO2 metrics revealed through portable breath-by-breath analysis.

  2025  ·  Western University
  (Re)assessment of COSMED Quark CPET and VO2 Master Pro for Measuring
  Pulmonary Gas Exchange and Ventilation
  Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports
  Valid, reliable, and transferable gas exchange measurements confirmed.

  2024  ·  Duke University / Arizona State University
  VO2 Assessment: Comparison of Mobile Modified Technique with Standard CPET
  American Society of Anesthesiologists Annual Meeting
  Mobile VO2 technique validated against clinical CPET for pre-surgical use.

  2024  ·  Sam Houston State University
  Reliability of the VO2 Master Pro vs. Cosmed Quark — Science & Sports
  High reliability confirmed across repeated testing sessions.

  2024  ·  Duke University
  Feasibility of a Novel Augmented 6-Minute Incremental Step Test for
  Cardiorespiratory Fitness Assessment — JACC: Advances
  VO2 Master enabled simplified, accessible CPET for broader patient populations.

  2024  ·  Jean Monnet University, France
  Ideal Slope in Downhill Running — Benefits of Combining EMG and VO2
  Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (LIBM)
  First combined portable EMG + portable VO2 methodology for terrain biomechanics.

  2024  ·  University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
  First Study to Measure Outrigger Canoe Paddling Intensity via METs
  Office of Public Health Studies
  Only portable device capable of field-based VO2 measurement on water.

  2024  ·  University of Colorado
  Energy Expenditure of Golf Range Practice — World Journal of Advanced Research
  Quantified sport-specific energy use impossible with lab-based systems.

  2024  ·  Multiple Institutions
  Accuracy of GPS Tracking Devices vs. Actual VO2 in Professional Female
  Soccer Players
  Wearable trackers significantly underestimate energy expenditure vs. direct VO2.

  2024  ·  Trek / Supercaliber
  Science Behind Supercaliber Gen 2 — Metabolic efficiency tested on actual trail.

  2021  ·  Canadian Armed Forces
  Physiological Demands of Basic Fire Management Tasks — Pilot Study
  Field-deployed VO2 measurement in military occupational settings validated.

  2020  ·  Hope College (Montoye, Vondrasek, Hancock)
  Validity and Reliability of the VO2 Master Pro for O₂ Consumption and
  Ventilation Assessment — International Journal of Exercise Science
  Foundational validation: acceptable convergent validity and test-retest
  reliability confirmed.

  2019  ·  Jem Arnold
  VO2 Master vs. Parvo Medics TrueOne 2400
  Head-to-head comparison against laboratory metabolic cart — close agreement
  confirmed across all measured variables.


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 6 — INDIA PRICE LIST
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

INDIA PRICING — ALL PRICES IN INDIAN RUPEES (₹)

USD/INR ₹94.45  ·  BCD 10%  ·  SWS 1%  ·  GST 18% shown separately
GST is fully reclaimable as Input Tax Credit for all GST-registered entities.
Prices subject to revision on significant currency movement.


  ANALYZER SYSTEMS
  ─────────────────

  VO2 Master Analyzer — Essentials Kit                             SKU: 101-1
  Complete system to begin testing immediately. Includes analyzer, calibration
  syringe, desiccant pouches, and isopropyl wipes.

  Price ex-GST          ₹10,63,387
  GST 18%             + ₹ 1,91,409
  Total incl. GST       ₹12,54,797
  ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─

  VO2 Master Analyzer — Professional Kit                           SKU: 101-5
  Recommended for hospitals, universities, labs, and multi-user facilities.
  Includes Essentials Kit plus 3 masks (Petite, XS, Medium) and 2 filter packs.
  20% accessory bundle discount applied.

  Price ex-GST          ₹11,69,799
  GST 18%             + ₹ 2,10,564
  Total incl. GST       ₹13,80,363
  ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─

  VO2 Master Plastic-Only Analyzer                                 SKU: 101-3
  Replacement housing only. No electronics. For repair or spares management.

  Price ex-GST          ₹   56,875
  GST 18%             + ₹   10,238
  Total incl. GST       ₹   67,113


  ANNUAL MAINTENANCE
  ──────────────────

  Annual O₂ Sensor Replacement                                     SKU: 150-1
  Mandatory annual replacement to maintain ±2% accuracy. Includes replacement
  galvanic fuel-cell O₂ sensor and torque screwdriver. User-performed — no
  service visit required. Replace every 12 months.

  Price ex-GST          ₹ 1,14,668
  GST 18%             + ₹   20,640
  Total incl. GST       ₹ 1,35,308


  MASKS, HEADGEAR & FIT SYSTEM
  ─────────────────────────────
  Five sizes: Petite · X-Small · Small · Medium · Large
  Recommend minimum 3 sizes for multi-user facilities.

  Item                                      Ex-GST      GST 18%    Total incl. GST
  Mask with Headgear — complete (per size)  ₹44,216     ₹7,959     ₹52,175
  Mask Only — no headgear (per size)        ₹30,823     ₹5,548     ₹36,371
  Headgear Only (per size)                  ₹22,567     ₹4,062     ₹26,629
  Mask Brace Set (per size)                 ₹15,778     ₹2,840     ₹18,618
  Petite Mask Gasket/Spacer — pack of 3     ₹ 9,540     ₹1,717     ₹11,258


  CONSUMABLES & FILTERS
  ─────────────────────
  Regular replenishment essential for sensor accuracy, hygiene, and device life.
  Critical in India's humid climate — desiccant management directly protects the
  O₂ sensor from moisture degradation.

  Item                                      Ex-GST      GST 18%    Total incl. GST
  Filter Replacement Pack (50pc + cartridge)₹29,539     ₹5,317     ₹34,855
  Silica Gel Desiccant Pouches              ₹12,513     ₹2,252     ₹14,765
  Isopropyl Wipes + Cotton Swabs            ₹12,072     ₹2,173     ₹14,245


  ESTIMATED ANNUAL RUNNING COST
  Typical clinical or university lab — 5 to 10 tests per week

  O₂ Sensor Replacement (mandatory, annual)          ₹1,35,308
  Filter Packs × 2–3 per year                    ₹70,000–1,05,000
  Desiccants + Wipes                             ₹30,000–  60,000
  ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  Estimated total annual running cost                ~₹2.5–3.0 L

  Traditional metabolic cart annual running cost in India (gas + service):
  ₹5–10 lakhs per year.


  CALIBRATION EQUIPMENT & ACCESSORIES
  ─────────────────────────────────────

  Item                                      Ex-GST      GST 18%    Total incl. GST
  3L Calibration Syringe — complete         ₹77,974     ₹14,035    ₹92,010
  Calibration Syringe Adapter               ₹20,182     ₹ 3,633    ₹23,814
  Calibration Syringe Silicone Seal         ₹11,008     ₹ 1,981    ₹12,990
  Calibration Syringe Flexible Tubing       ₹ 9,173     ₹ 1,651    ₹10,825
  Hard Nanuk Shell Case                     ₹55,958     ₹10,072    ₹66,031
  User Piece Nut Hand Tool                  ₹13,393     ₹ 2,411    ₹15,804


  REPLACEMENT PARTS
  ──────────────────

  Item                                      Ex-GST      GST 18%    Total incl. GST
  User Piece Complete Assembly              ₹33,024     ₹ 5,944    ₹38,969
  User Piece Nut (standalone)               ₹12,476     ₹ 2,246    ₹14,722
  User Piece O-Ring (standalone)            ₹ 7,155     ₹ 1,288    ₹ 8,443
  Battery Door (replacement)                ₹15,595     ₹ 2,807    ₹18,402


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 7 — WHY INDIA, WHY NOW
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

THE METABOLIC TESTING GAP IN INDIA

India has over 1.4 billion people, a rapidly growing sports ecosystem, 700+
medical colleges, and the highest absolute burden of Type 2 diabetes and
cardiovascular disease in the world. Yet clinically accurate metabolic testing
remains confined to a handful of premier hospitals and the NSNIS facility in
Patiala. Most sports academies, hospital rehab units, physiotherapy colleges,
and university labs rely on estimation equations and submaximal prediction tests.

The VO2 Master changes this — making portable, validated, lab-quality metabolic
testing accessible to Indian institutions for the first time.


  01  SPORTS SCIENCE INFRASTRUCTURE GAP
  India's sports programme, IPL academies, and Olympic preparation centres lack
  portable metabolic testing. Athletes are profiled using HR proxies and
  estimations that international competitors abandoned years ago. The VO2 Master
  closes this competitive gap.

  02  CLINICAL CPET DEMAND
  Pre-surgical cardiac risk assessment using CPET is increasingly mandated by
  international guidelines before major surgery. VE/VCO₂ slope and Peak VO₂ are
  independently predictive of post-operative mortality. The VO2 Master delivers
  this at ward level — no dedicated lab required.

  03  UNIVERSITY RESEARCH ENABLEMENT
  ICMR, DST, and UGC-funded metabolic and NCD research in India is constrained
  by equipment availability. The VO2 Master enables multi-site, field-based,
  longitudinal metabolic research at scale — impossible with lab-bound carts.

  04  GST INPUT TAX CREDIT BENEFIT
  All GST-registered entities — hospitals, universities, companies, fitness
  businesses — can claim the 18% GST paid on purchase and consumables as Input
  Tax Credit (ITC), reducing the effective net cost by 18%.


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 8 — FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

HOW ACCURATE IS THE VO2 MASTER VS. A TRADITIONAL METABOLIC CART?

Multiple independent peer-reviewed studies confirm ±2% accuracy for VO₂
measurement against the COSMED Quark CPET — the most widely used metabolic cart
in clinical settings globally. A 2025 Western University study (Scandinavian
Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports) confirmed valid, reliable, and
transferable gas exchange measurements. Earlier studies versus the Parvo Medics
TrueOne 2400 and VacuMed metabolic simulator (2019–2020) also confirmed
acceptable convergent validity. The VO2 Master is not a consumer approximation
— it is validated clinical instrumentation used in peer-reviewed research
published in top-tier journals.


DOES IT REQUIRE CALIBRATION GASES?

No. Volume calibration is performed using the included 3-litre calibration
syringe before each test. The O₂ sensor self-calibrates against ambient room
air. No calibration gases, no gas storage infrastructure, no gas procurement
logistics. This makes the system viable for field testing, athlete travel,
multi-site research, and facilities without gas storage capability.


HOW OFTEN DOES THE OXYGEN SENSOR NEED REPLACING?

Approximately every 12 months under regular clinical use. The galvanic fuel
cell depletes over time as it reacts with oxygen — a fundamental property of
this sensor technology, shared by all galvanic O₂ sensors including those in
traditional metabolic carts. The annual replacement (SKU: 150-1) is user-
performed and includes the sensor and torque screwdriver. In India's humid
climate, strict desiccant management is essential to avoid accelerated
sensor degradation.


CAN IT BE USED FOR CLINICAL CPET IN HOSPITALS?

Yes. The VO2 Master has been used in clinical CPET research at Duke University
(JACC: Advances), presented at the American Society of Anesthesiologists Annual
Meeting, and used in cardiac physiology studies. It generates automated PDF
reports with all standard CPET variables — Peak VO₂, VE/VCO₂ slope, O₂ pulse,
anaerobic threshold, breathing reserve, and full graphical output. Data exports
to CSV for research databases. Institutions should verify CDSCO compliance for
diagnostic clinical workflow use.


WHAT MASK SIZES ARE AVAILABLE?

Five sizes: Petite, X-Small, Small, Medium, and Large. The Professional Kit
includes Petite, X-Small, and Medium. Additional sizes available individually
(₹52,175 incl. GST per mask + headgear set). For facilities testing diverse
Indian populations, we recommend stocking three to four sizes minimum.


WHAT IS WARRANTY AND AFTER-SALES SUPPORT IN INDIA?

The VO2 Master is covered by VO2 Master Health Sensors Inc.'s Limited Product
Warranty (www.vo2master.com). Afton Fitness Company provides local after-sales
coordination, consumables supply, first-level technical support, and RMA
facilitation across India. All consumables are available with routine dispatch
within India. Device servicing is coordinated directly with VO2 Master's
international support team in Canada.


CAN IT BE USED FOR FIELD RESEARCH OUTSIDE A LAB?

Yes — this is its most significant advantage over traditional metabolic carts.
The device is completely wireless, connects to a smartphone via Bluetooth, and
the entire system fits in a carry-on case. Used in published research on water
(University of Hawaiʻi), on mountain bike trails (Trek Supercaliber), in
military field exercises (Canadian Armed Forces), on golf courses (University of
Colorado), and in cycling and sprinting field environments (University of León).
In India, this enables high-altitude studies (Ladakh, Dharamsala), rural
population research, multi-site longitudinal studies, and sport-specific
metabolic measurement in actual training and competition environments.


WHAT ARE PAYMENT AND PROCUREMENT OPTIONS FOR INSTITUTIONS?

Purchase orders accepted from government institutions, universities, hospitals,
and corporate entities. Payment via RTGS/NEFT, demand draft, or institutional
PO. All documentation provided for ICMR, DST, UGC, SAI, and DRDO-funded
projects — proforma invoice, Certificate of Origin, import documentation, and
technical specifications in required funding body formats. DSIR exemption
support available. Contact us to discuss financing and deferred payment
arrangements for qualifying institutions.


WHAT ARE DELIVERY TIMELINES?

Systems (analyzers): 4–6 weeks from order confirmation.
Accessories, masks, and consumables: 2–3 weeks from India stock where
available; 4–5 weeks for items shipped directly from Canada.


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 9 — PRICING NOTES & TERMS
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

  · All prices in Indian Rupees. GST 18% shown separately — fully reclaimable
    as ITC for all GST-registered entities.

  · Prices based on USD/INR ₹94.45, BCD 10%, SWS 1%. Subject to revision on
    currency movements exceeding ±3%. Updated price lists issued accordingly.

  · Payment: 100% advance against proforma invoice. Government and institutional
    POs accepted. Credit terms negotiable after six months for established
    accounts.

  · Delivery: 4–6 weeks for systems. 2–3 weeks for consumables from India stock.

  · Warranty: As per VO2 Master Health Sensors Inc. Limited Product Warranty.
    Afton Fitness Company provides first-line support and RMA coordination.

  · Annual O₂ sensor replacement is mandatory to maintain calibration validity
    and ±2% accuracy specification after 12 months of regular use.

  · Prices are exclusive of installation, training, and onboarding services.
    Remote and on-site commissioning available — enquire separately.


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
CONTACT
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

AFTON FITNESS COMPANY
Authorised VO2 Master Distributor — India

Email         [email protected]
Website       afton.in

VO2 Master Global (Toll-Free)    +1 (833) 862-6787
VO2 Master Email                 [email protected]
VO2 Master Website               www.vo2master.com

VO2 Master® is a registered trademark of VO2 Master Health Sensors Inc.
2906 33 Street, Vernon, British Columbia, V1T 5S7, Canada

═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
© 2025 Afton Fitness Company. All prices subject to change without notice.
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

SKU-RY6CJYCPO
in stockINR 1169799
Vo2Master

The Gold Standard in VO2max & Metabolic Testing — Now in India

The VO2 Master Analyzer delivers laboratory-grade VO2max, RMR, and
cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) completely untethered from the lab.
Trusted by Duke University, Sam Houston State, Western University, and 20+
research institutions worldwide — now available in India exclusively through
Afton Fitness Company.

    ±2% Accuracy          20+ Published Studies
    10 Years in Market    100% Wireless & Mobile


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 1 — THE SCIENCE
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

WHAT IS VO2MAX AND WHY DOES IT MATTER?

VO2max — maximal oxygen uptake — is the single most powerful objective measure
of cardiorespiratory fitness and aerobic capacity. First identified by A.V. Hill
and colleagues in 1923, it describes the maximum rate at which the body can
consume oxygen during intense, full-body exercise.

Clinically, VO2max is a stronger predictor of all-cause mortality than smoking,
hypertension, or diabetes. In elite sport, it determines the ceiling of aerobic
energy production. In rehabilitation and chronic disease management, it
quantifies functional capacity and guides exercise prescription with a precision
that no wearable tracker or estimation equation can match.

Accurate VO2max measurement requires measuring oxygen consumed (VO₂) and carbon
dioxide produced (VCO₂) breath-by-breath during exercise. Until now, this
required expensive, immobile metabolic carts costing ₹20–50 lakhs and confined
testing to the laboratory. The VO2 Master Analyzer changes this fundamentally.


  VO2MAX — MAXIMAL AEROBIC CAPACITY
  The maximum volume of oxygen the body can extract and utilise per minute per
  kilogram of body weight, expressed in mL/kg/min. Assessed during a graded
  exercise test (GXT) to volitional exhaustion. Reflects cardiac output,
  pulmonary diffusion capacity, and muscle mitochondrial density. VO2max declines
  approximately 1% per year after age 25 without systematic training — making it
  a primary biomarker for both athletic development and healthy ageing.

  RMR — RESTING METABOLIC RATE
  The energy expended at complete rest, measured by indirect calorimetry.
  Accounts for 60–75% of total daily energy expenditure. Critical for nutrition
  periodisation, obesity management, thyroid dysfunction diagnosis, and
  post-surgical recovery. Standard prediction equations (Harris-Benedict,
  Mifflin-St Jeor) carry ±15–20% error. Direct RMR measurement eliminates this
  uncertainty — enabling precisely calibrated caloric prescriptions for weight
  management, eating disorder recovery, and performance nutrition.

  VT1 & VT2 — VENTILATORY THRESHOLDS
  The metabolic inflection points that define physiological training zones. VT1
  (aerobic threshold) marks the intensity at which lactate begins accumulating
  faster than it is cleared. VT2 (anaerobic threshold) marks the upper boundary
  of sustainable high-intensity exercise. Identified through respiratory exchange
  ratio (RER) and ventilatory equivalent analysis — a precision that heart-rate
  monitoring cannot provide.

  CPET — CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING
  The gold-standard, multi-system evaluation of exercise tolerance. Required
  before major cardiac surgery, in pulmonary disease management, heart failure
  risk stratification, and elite athletic performance profiling. CPET
  simultaneously delivers breath-by-breath gas exchange, ventilatory data, and
  metabolic metrics — providing an integrated picture of cardiovascular,
  pulmonary, and muscular function under physiological stress.

  The Fick Equation
  VO₂max = Q × (CaO₂ − CvO₂)
  Q = cardiac output  ·  CaO₂ = arterial O₂ content  ·  CvO₂ = venous O₂ content


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 2 — THREE TEST MODES
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

THREE TEST MODES. ONE DEVICE.

The VO2 Master integrates three clinically distinct measurement protocols in a
single wearable unit — eliminating the need for separate specialised equipment.


  01  VO2MAX TESTING

  Graded exercise test (GXT) to maximal exertion. The VO2 Master analyses each
  breath in real time, computing O₂ and CO₂ concentrations alongside flow volume
  to determine maximal aerobic capacity and ventilatory thresholds.

  Metrics:  VO₂max · VCO₂ · VE · RER · VT1 · VT2 · VE/VO₂ · VE/VCO₂ ·
            EqO₂ · EqCO₂ · Training Zones


  02  RMR — RESTING METABOLIC RATE

  Indirect calorimetry at complete rest. The subject breathes normally through
  the mask while at rest for 15–20 minutes. The device measures VO₂ and VCO₂ to
  compute resting energy expenditure, substrate oxidation ratios, and resting RER.

  Metrics:  RMR (kcal/day) · Fat oxidation % · Carbohydrate oxidation % ·
            Protein oxidation estimate · Resting RER · Substrate utilisation


  03  CPET — CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING

  Comprehensive breath-by-breath gas exchange and ventilatory analysis throughout
  an incremental or ramp exercise protocol. The most complete non-invasive
  evaluation of integrative cardiorespiratory function available in clinical
  medicine. The VE/VCO₂ slope — a key CPET output — is an independent predictor
  of adverse cardiovascular events and post-operative mortality.

  Metrics:  Peak VO₂ · VE/VCO₂ slope · O₂ pulse · Anaerobic threshold (AT) ·
            OUES · Breathing reserve · Respiratory compensation point ·
            Exercise oscillatory ventilation · VE/VCO₂ at AT


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 3 — WHO IS IT FOR
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

ONE DEVICE. EVERY PROFESSIONAL SETTING.


  HIGH PERFORMANCE SPORT

  Quantify aerobic capacity, training zones, and energy system contributions for
  elite and sub-elite athletes — on the track, field, velodrome, pool deck, or in
  the lab. Test in the environment where athletes actually train, eliminating the
  laboratory artefact that distorts results when athletes are displaced.

  Applications
  · National sports academies — SAI training centres and NSNIS Patiala
  · IPL franchise and ISL club performance science departments
  · Olympic and Paralympic athlete physiology profiling
  · Altitude training camps — Bangalore, Manali, Leh, Dharamsala
  · Swimming, rowing, cycling, athletics, boxing, wrestling, football, cricket
  · Training zone demarcation using VT1/VT2 — far more accurate than HR zones
  · Real-time field VO2 measurement during sport-specific activity
  · Pre-season baseline profiling and in-season cardiorespiratory monitoring


  HOSPITALS & CARDIAC REHABILITATION

  Clinical-grade CPET for pre-surgical risk assessment, cardiac rehabilitation
  monitoring, heart failure classification, and exercise prescription in chronic
  disease. Perform CPET at ward level — without a purpose-built metabolic lab.

  Applications
  · Pre-operative cardiopulmonary risk stratification before major surgery
  · Heart failure functional capacity classification (Weber scale — Peak VO₂)
  · COPD and pulmonary hypertension exercise tolerance assessment
  · Post-cardiac event and post-bypass surgery rehabilitation monitoring
  · Exercise prescription in Type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity
  · Long COVID aerobic capacity assessment and pacing protocol development
  · Pulmonary rehabilitation programme outcome measurement
  · ICU-to-ward step-down functional capacity benchmarking
  · VE/VCO₂ slope measurement for pre-surgical cardiac mortality risk


  UNIVERSITIES & ACADEMIC RESEARCH

  Publication-ready gas exchange data validated against the COSMED Quark CPET —
  at a fraction of the cost, with full field mobility for multi-site studies.
  Cited in the Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, JACC:
  Advances, European Journal of Applied Physiology, and Science & Sports.

  Applications
  · Exercise physiology, kinesiology, and human movement science departments
  · Sports science and physiotherapy colleges (BPT, MPT, MSc programmes)
  · ICMR, DST, DBT, and UGC-funded metabolic and NCD research projects
  · Multi-site field studies across rural and urban populations
  · PhD and postdoctoral exercise physiology research
  · Military physiology and occupational health research — DRDO, AFMC
  · Longitudinal population studies on physical fitness and NCD risk


  FITNESS ASSESSMENT & WELLNESS

  Differentiate your facility with scientifically validated metabolic profiling —
  going far beyond wrist wearables, chest straps, and estimated VO2max values
  from step tests or submaximal cycling protocols.

  Applications
  · Premium gym chains offering science-backed assessment services
  · Corporate wellness programmes for large employers and IT companies
  · VO2max-as-a-service — subscription metabolic testing for urban populations
  · Weight management clinics requiring accurate RMR for caloric prescription
  · Longevity and preventive health centres
  · Pre-marathon and triathlon fitness profiling
  · Nutrition and dietetics clinics requiring clinical indirect calorimetry


  REHABILITATION CLINICS

  Objectively track cardiorespiratory recovery in musculoskeletal, neurological,
  and post-surgical rehabilitation. Quantify fitness at intake and discharge —
  providing measurable outcomes that justify treatment and demonstrate results.

  Applications
  · Post-ACL, knee replacement, and hip replacement rehabilitation
  · Stroke and acquired brain injury functional capacity assessment
  · Long COVID rehabilitation and return-to-function monitoring
  · Oncology rehabilitation — quantifying recovery in cancer survivors
  · Return-to-sport physiological clearance based on objective VO2 thresholds
  · Pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD, interstitial lung disease, post-TB


  MILITARY & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

  Field-deployable metabolic assessment for armed forces fitness research,
  industrial health monitoring, and high-demand occupation readiness. Validated
  in field environments by the Canadian Armed Forces.

  Applications
  · Indian Army, Navy, and Air Force physical fitness research
  · DRDO human performance, ergonomics, and exoskeleton research
  · Firefighter and police force physical readiness assessment
  · Mining and construction worker cardiovascular fitness monitoring
  · High-altitude and extreme environment physiological research
  · Occupational health surveillance for physically demanding work categories


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 4 — PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

BUILT FOR REAL-WORLD PRECISION


  CORE SPECIFICATIONS

  Measurement method         Breath-by-breath indirect calorimetry
  O₂ sensor type             Galvanic fuel cell — medical grade
  CO₂ derivation             Ventilometric computation
  Flow measurement           Turbine-based volume sensor
  VO₂ accuracy               ±2% vs. COSMED Quark CPET (Western University, 2025)
  Data transmission          Bluetooth 5.0, ANT+
  User interface             Free iOS & Android app — VO2 Master Manager
  Battery life               ~8 hours continuous testing
  Form factor                Fully wearable — worn on face during activity
  Transport                  Airline carry-on compliant (Nanuk hard shell case)
  O₂ sensor lifespan         ~12 months — field-replaceable by user
  Calibration required       3L syringe volume calibration only. No gases.
  Garmin integration         Connect IQ app available
  GSA listing                US Government procurement eligible
  Years in market            10+


  COMPATIBLE DEVICES & SENSORS

  Wahoo  ·  Garmin  ·  Polar  ·  MOXY (SmO₂)  ·  CORE (core temperature)
  Delsys (EMG)  ·  Train.Red (NIRS)  ·  ANT+ heart rate monitors
  Cycling power meters  ·  External GPS devices


  APP FEATURES — FREE, iOS & ANDROID

  · Pre-loaded standard protocols — VO2max ramp, RMR, CPET
  · Custom protocol builder — define stage durations and workload increments
  · Real-time display of all breath-by-breath metrics during testing
  · Automated PDF report generation — shareable immediately post-test
  · CSV data export for research databases and custom analysis
  · Cloud dashboard — patient and athlete history at cloud.vo2master.com
  · Remote access — data accessible from any device via cloud login
  · Multi-athlete database — store and compare longitudinal results


  HOW IT COMPARES TO A TRADITIONAL METABOLIC CART

  Traditional laboratory metabolic carts (COSMED Omnia, ParvoMedics TrueOne,
  Vyntus CPX) are large, room-bound systems requiring dedicated lab space,
  regular calibration using certified gas mixtures, and scheduled manufacturer
  service contracts. Capital cost in India: ₹20–50 lakhs. Annual running cost:
  ₹5–10 lakhs (gas, calibration, service).

  The VO2 Master delivers validated, comparable accuracy in a device worn on the
  face. No gas supplies. No dedicated room. No service contract. Setup in under
  10 minutes. Entire system in a carry-on case.


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 5 — RESEARCH & VALIDATION
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

VALIDATED BY THE WORLD'S LEADING RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS

The VO2 Master has been independently validated and used in 20+ peer-reviewed
studies across elite universities, clinical settings, and sports science
institutions. This is independent research — not manufacturer-funded data.


  ACCURACY BENCHMARK

  ±2% VO₂ measurement accuracy vs. COSMED Quark CPET
  Western University — Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 2025


  PUBLISHED RESEARCH

  2026  ·  Exos Human Performance Lab
  Field-Ready Physiology: Integrating Portable VO2 Master into Real-World
  Athlete Testing
  Deeper physiological insights achieved in real-world environments vs. lab-only.

  2025  ·  Universities of Cassino & Lazio / Wisconsin-La Crosse
  Impact of Multidimensional Physical Activity on Glycemic Control in Type 1
  Diabetes — Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
  VO2 Master enabled real-world metabolic monitoring in T1D management.

  2025  ·  University of León
  Neuromuscular, Cardiometabolic & Perceptual Responses to Sprint Interval
  Training with Different Cycling Torques — European Journal of Applied Physiology
  Torque-driven VO2 metrics revealed through portable breath-by-breath analysis.

  2025  ·  Western University
  (Re)assessment of COSMED Quark CPET and VO2 Master Pro for Measuring
  Pulmonary Gas Exchange and Ventilation
  Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports
  Valid, reliable, and transferable gas exchange measurements confirmed.

  2024  ·  Duke University / Arizona State University
  VO2 Assessment: Comparison of Mobile Modified Technique with Standard CPET
  American Society of Anesthesiologists Annual Meeting
  Mobile VO2 technique validated against clinical CPET for pre-surgical use.

  2024  ·  Sam Houston State University
  Reliability of the VO2 Master Pro vs. Cosmed Quark — Science & Sports
  High reliability confirmed across repeated testing sessions.

  2024  ·  Duke University
  Feasibility of a Novel Augmented 6-Minute Incremental Step Test for
  Cardiorespiratory Fitness Assessment — JACC: Advances
  VO2 Master enabled simplified, accessible CPET for broader patient populations.

  2024  ·  Jean Monnet University, France
  Ideal Slope in Downhill Running — Benefits of Combining EMG and VO2
  Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (LIBM)
  First combined portable EMG + portable VO2 methodology for terrain biomechanics.

  2024  ·  University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
  First Study to Measure Outrigger Canoe Paddling Intensity via METs
  Office of Public Health Studies
  Only portable device capable of field-based VO2 measurement on water.

  2024  ·  University of Colorado
  Energy Expenditure of Golf Range Practice — World Journal of Advanced Research
  Quantified sport-specific energy use impossible with lab-based systems.

  2024  ·  Multiple Institutions
  Accuracy of GPS Tracking Devices vs. Actual VO2 in Professional Female
  Soccer Players
  Wearable trackers significantly underestimate energy expenditure vs. direct VO2.

  2024  ·  Trek / Supercaliber
  Science Behind Supercaliber Gen 2 — Metabolic efficiency tested on actual trail.

  2021  ·  Canadian Armed Forces
  Physiological Demands of Basic Fire Management Tasks — Pilot Study
  Field-deployed VO2 measurement in military occupational settings validated.

  2020  ·  Hope College (Montoye, Vondrasek, Hancock)
  Validity and Reliability of the VO2 Master Pro for O₂ Consumption and
  Ventilation Assessment — International Journal of Exercise Science
  Foundational validation: acceptable convergent validity and test-retest
  reliability confirmed.

  2019  ·  Jem Arnold
  VO2 Master vs. Parvo Medics TrueOne 2400
  Head-to-head comparison against laboratory metabolic cart — close agreement
  confirmed across all measured variables.


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 6 — INDIA PRICE LIST
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

INDIA PRICING — ALL PRICES IN INDIAN RUPEES (₹)

USD/INR ₹94.45  ·  BCD 10%  ·  SWS 1%  ·  GST 18% shown separately
GST is fully reclaimable as Input Tax Credit for all GST-registered entities.
Prices subject to revision on significant currency movement.


  ANALYZER SYSTEMS
  ─────────────────

  VO2 Master Analyzer — Essentials Kit                             SKU: 101-1
  Complete system to begin testing immediately. Includes analyzer, calibration
  syringe, desiccant pouches, and isopropyl wipes.

  Price ex-GST          ₹10,63,387
  GST 18%             + ₹ 1,91,409
  Total incl. GST       ₹12,54,797
  ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─

  VO2 Master Analyzer — Professional Kit                           SKU: 101-5
  Recommended for hospitals, universities, labs, and multi-user facilities.
  Includes Essentials Kit plus 3 masks (Petite, XS, Medium) and 2 filter packs.
  20% accessory bundle discount applied.

  Price ex-GST          ₹11,69,799
  GST 18%             + ₹ 2,10,564
  Total incl. GST       ₹13,80,363
  ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─

  VO2 Master Plastic-Only Analyzer                                 SKU: 101-3
  Replacement housing only. No electronics. For repair or spares management.

  Price ex-GST          ₹   56,875
  GST 18%             + ₹   10,238
  Total incl. GST       ₹   67,113


  ANNUAL MAINTENANCE
  ──────────────────

  Annual O₂ Sensor Replacement                                     SKU: 150-1
  Mandatory annual replacement to maintain ±2% accuracy. Includes replacement
  galvanic fuel-cell O₂ sensor and torque screwdriver. User-performed — no
  service visit required. Replace every 12 months.

  Price ex-GST          ₹ 1,14,668
  GST 18%             + ₹   20,640
  Total incl. GST       ₹ 1,35,308


  MASKS, HEADGEAR & FIT SYSTEM
  ─────────────────────────────
  Five sizes: Petite · X-Small · Small · Medium · Large
  Recommend minimum 3 sizes for multi-user facilities.

  Item                                      Ex-GST      GST 18%    Total incl. GST
  Mask with Headgear — complete (per size)  ₹44,216     ₹7,959     ₹52,175
  Mask Only — no headgear (per size)        ₹30,823     ₹5,548     ₹36,371
  Headgear Only (per size)                  ₹22,567     ₹4,062     ₹26,629
  Mask Brace Set (per size)                 ₹15,778     ₹2,840     ₹18,618
  Petite Mask Gasket/Spacer — pack of 3     ₹ 9,540     ₹1,717     ₹11,258


  CONSUMABLES & FILTERS
  ─────────────────────
  Regular replenishment essential for sensor accuracy, hygiene, and device life.
  Critical in India's humid climate — desiccant management directly protects the
  O₂ sensor from moisture degradation.

  Item                                      Ex-GST      GST 18%    Total incl. GST
  Filter Replacement Pack (50pc + cartridge)₹29,539     ₹5,317     ₹34,855
  Silica Gel Desiccant Pouches              ₹12,513     ₹2,252     ₹14,765
  Isopropyl Wipes + Cotton Swabs            ₹12,072     ₹2,173     ₹14,245


  ESTIMATED ANNUAL RUNNING COST
  Typical clinical or university lab — 5 to 10 tests per week

  O₂ Sensor Replacement (mandatory, annual)          ₹1,35,308
  Filter Packs × 2–3 per year                    ₹70,000–1,05,000
  Desiccants + Wipes                             ₹30,000–  60,000
  ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  Estimated total annual running cost                ~₹2.5–3.0 L

  Traditional metabolic cart annual running cost in India (gas + service):
  ₹5–10 lakhs per year.


  CALIBRATION EQUIPMENT & ACCESSORIES
  ─────────────────────────────────────

  Item                                      Ex-GST      GST 18%    Total incl. GST
  3L Calibration Syringe — complete         ₹77,974     ₹14,035    ₹92,010
  Calibration Syringe Adapter               ₹20,182     ₹ 3,633    ₹23,814
  Calibration Syringe Silicone Seal         ₹11,008     ₹ 1,981    ₹12,990
  Calibration Syringe Flexible Tubing       ₹ 9,173     ₹ 1,651    ₹10,825
  Hard Nanuk Shell Case                     ₹55,958     ₹10,072    ₹66,031
  User Piece Nut Hand Tool                  ₹13,393     ₹ 2,411    ₹15,804


  REPLACEMENT PARTS
  ──────────────────

  Item                                      Ex-GST      GST 18%    Total incl. GST
  User Piece Complete Assembly              ₹33,024     ₹ 5,944    ₹38,969
  User Piece Nut (standalone)               ₹12,476     ₹ 2,246    ₹14,722
  User Piece O-Ring (standalone)            ₹ 7,155     ₹ 1,288    ₹ 8,443
  Battery Door (replacement)                ₹15,595     ₹ 2,807    ₹18,402


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 7 — WHY INDIA, WHY NOW
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

THE METABOLIC TESTING GAP IN INDIA

India has over 1.4 billion people, a rapidly growing sports ecosystem, 700+
medical colleges, and the highest absolute burden of Type 2 diabetes and
cardiovascular disease in the world. Yet clinically accurate metabolic testing
remains confined to a handful of premier hospitals and the NSNIS facility in
Patiala. Most sports academies, hospital rehab units, physiotherapy colleges,
and university labs rely on estimation equations and submaximal prediction tests.

The VO2 Master changes this — making portable, validated, lab-quality metabolic
testing accessible to Indian institutions for the first time.


  01  SPORTS SCIENCE INFRASTRUCTURE GAP
  India's sports programme, IPL academies, and Olympic preparation centres lack
  portable metabolic testing. Athletes are profiled using HR proxies and
  estimations that international competitors abandoned years ago. The VO2 Master
  closes this competitive gap.

  02  CLINICAL CPET DEMAND
  Pre-surgical cardiac risk assessment using CPET is increasingly mandated by
  international guidelines before major surgery. VE/VCO₂ slope and Peak VO₂ are
  independently predictive of post-operative mortality. The VO2 Master delivers
  this at ward level — no dedicated lab required.

  03  UNIVERSITY RESEARCH ENABLEMENT
  ICMR, DST, and UGC-funded metabolic and NCD research in India is constrained
  by equipment availability. The VO2 Master enables multi-site, field-based,
  longitudinal metabolic research at scale — impossible with lab-bound carts.

  04  GST INPUT TAX CREDIT BENEFIT
  All GST-registered entities — hospitals, universities, companies, fitness
  businesses — can claim the 18% GST paid on purchase and consumables as Input
  Tax Credit (ITC), reducing the effective net cost by 18%.


────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SECTION 8 — FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

HOW ACCURATE IS THE VO2 MASTER VS. A TRADITIONAL METABOLIC CART?

Multiple independent peer-reviewed studies confirm ±2% accuracy for VO₂
measurement against the COSMED Quark CPET — the most widely used metabolic cart
in clinical settings globally. A 2025 Western University study (Scandinavian
Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports) confirmed valid, reliable, and
transferable gas exchange measurements. Earlier studies versus the Parvo Medics
TrueOne 2400 and VacuMed metabolic simulator (2019–2020) also confirmed
acceptable convergent validity. The VO2 Master is not a consumer approximation
— it is validated clinical instrumentation used in peer-reviewed research
published in top-tier journals.


DOES IT REQUIRE CALIBRATION GASES?

No. Volume calibration is performed using the included 3-litre calibration
syringe before each test. The O₂ sensor self-calibrates against ambient room
air. No calibration gases, no gas storage infrastructure, no gas procurement
logistics. This makes the system viable for field testing, athlete travel,
multi-site research, and facilities without gas storage capability.


HOW OFTEN DOES THE OXYGEN SENSOR NEED REPLACING?

Approximately every 12 months under regular clinical use. The galvanic fuel
cell depletes over time as it reacts with oxygen — a fundamental property of
this sensor technology, shared by all galvanic O₂ sensors including those in
traditional metabolic carts. The annual replacement (SKU: 150-1) is user-
performed and includes the sensor and torque screwdriver. In India's humid
climate, strict desiccant management is essential to avoid accelerated
sensor degradation.


CAN IT BE USED FOR CLINICAL CPET IN HOSPITALS?

Yes. The VO2 Master has been used in clinical CPET research at Duke University
(JACC: Advances), presented at the American Society of Anesthesiologists Annual
Meeting, and used in cardiac physiology studies. It generates automated PDF
reports with all standard CPET variables — Peak VO₂, VE/VCO₂ slope, O₂ pulse,
anaerobic threshold, breathing reserve, and full graphical output. Data exports
to CSV for research databases. Institutions should verify CDSCO compliance for
diagnostic clinical workflow use.


WHAT MASK SIZES ARE AVAILABLE?

Five sizes: Petite, X-Small, Small, Medium, and Large. The Professional Kit
includes Petite, X-Small, and Medium. Additional sizes available individually
(₹52,175 incl. GST per mask + headgear set). For facilities testing diverse
Indian populations, we recommend stocking three to four sizes minimum.


WHAT IS WARRANTY AND AFTER-SALES SUPPORT IN INDIA?

The VO2 Master is covered by VO2 Master Health Sensors Inc.'s Limited Product
Warranty (www.vo2master.com). Afton Fitness Company provides local after-sales
coordination, consumables supply, first-level technical support, and RMA
facilitation across India. All consumables are available with routine dispatch
within India. Device servicing is coordinated directly with VO2 Master's
international support team in Canada.


CAN IT BE USED FOR FIELD RESEARCH OUTSIDE A LAB?

Yes — this is its most significant advantage over traditional metabolic carts.
The device is completely wireless, connects to a smartphone via Bluetooth, and
the entire system fits in a carry-on case. Used in published research on water
(University of Hawaiʻi), on mountain bike trails (Trek Supercaliber), in
military field exercises (Canadian Armed Forces), on golf courses (University of
Colorado), and in cycling and sprinting field environments (University of León).
In India, this enables high-altitude studies (Ladakh, Dharamsala), rural
population research, multi-site longitudinal studies, and sport-specific
metabolic measurement in actual training and competition environments.


WHAT ARE PAYMENT AND PROCUREMENT OPTIONS FOR INSTITUTIONS?

Purchase orders accepted from government institutions, universities, hospitals,
and corporate entities. Payment via RTGS/NEFT, demand draft, or institutional
PO. All documentation provided for ICMR, DST, UGC, SAI, and DRDO-funded
projects — proforma invoice, Certificate of Origin, import documentation, and
technical specifications in required funding body formats. DSIR exemption
support available. Contact us to discuss financing and deferred payment
arrangements for qualifying institutions.


WHAT ARE DELIVERY TIMELINES?

Systems (analyzers): 4–6 weeks from order confirmation.
Accessories, masks, and consumables: 2–3 weeks from India stock where
available; 4–5 weeks for items shipped directly from Canada.


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SECTION 9 — PRICING NOTES & TERMS
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  · All prices in Indian Rupees. GST 18% shown separately — fully reclaimable
    as ITC for all GST-registered entities.

  · Prices based on USD/INR ₹94.45, BCD 10%, SWS 1%. Subject to revision on
    currency movements exceeding ±3%. Updated price lists issued accordingly.

  · Payment: 100% advance against proforma invoice. Government and institutional
    POs accepted. Credit terms negotiable after six months for established
    accounts.

  · Delivery: 4–6 weeks for systems. 2–3 weeks for consumables from India stock.

  · Warranty: As per VO2 Master Health Sensors Inc. Limited Product Warranty.
    Afton Fitness Company provides first-line support and RMA coordination.

  · Annual O₂ sensor replacement is mandatory to maintain calibration validity
    and ±2% accuracy specification after 12 months of regular use.

  · Prices are exclusive of installation, training, and onboarding services.
    Remote and on-site commissioning available — enquire separately.


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CONTACT
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AFTON FITNESS COMPANY
Authorised VO2 Master Distributor — India

Email         [email protected]
Website       afton.in

VO2 Master Global (Toll-Free)    +1 (833) 862-6787
VO2 Master Email                 [email protected]
VO2 Master Website               www.vo2master.com

VO2 Master® is a registered trademark of VO2 Master Health Sensors Inc.
2906 33 Street, Vernon, British Columbia, V1T 5S7, Canada

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© 2025 Afton Fitness Company. All prices subject to change without notice.
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